Tengo un USB C-Media soundcard instalado en mi Raspberry Pi: Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0d8c:0008 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
. Es un cable USB con un extremo XLR en el otro lado, al que tengo un micrófono XLR (un Sennheiser MD 427 si alguien está interesado) conectado:
Conectándolo a mi Mac puedo subir el volumen de grabación (dice "configuración para el dispositivo seleccionado" y "volumen de entrada" en alemán) y obtengo una grabación bastante aceptable (en realidad es una grabación estéreo, pero esto muestra el volumen nivel):
Ahora, lo mismo en Linux se ve bastante diferente. El dispositivo se reconoce bien, snd_usb_audio
se carga y alsamixer
muestra el nuevo dispositivo de grabación y me permite subir el "volumen de grabación" todo el tiempo:
Sin embargo, el volumen de lo que puedo grabar usando # AUDIODEV=hw:1 rec tmp.wav
es abismal en el mejor de los casos:
Ahora, ¿hay alguna manera de cambiar la configuración del módulo del núcleo para que pueda "subir el volumen de grabación" más de lo que se me presenta? ¿O tal vez alguna otra configuración que haya olvidado?
Puedo "suavizar" la grabación usando # AUDIODEV=hw:1 rec tmp.wav gain 20
, pero eso también aumenta el ruido y todavía está por debajo de lo que graba la Mac.
Antes de preguntar:
# arecord -L
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
default:CARD=Device
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
sysdefault:CARD=Device
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Front speakers
surround21:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
dmix:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Hardware device with all software conversions
#
# lsusb
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0d8c:0008 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
#
# arecord -l
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 1: Device [C-Media USB Audio Device], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
#
# amixer -c 1 scontrols
Simple mixer control 'PCM',0
Simple mixer control 'Mic',0
Simple mixer control 'Auto Gain Control',0
#
# uname -ra
Linux xxx 4.4.16+ #899 Thu Jul 28 12:36:19 BST 2016 armv6l GNU/Linux
#
# aplay -l -L
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
default:CARD=ALSA
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 ALSA
Default Audio Device
sysdefault:CARD=ALSA
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 ALSA
Default Audio Device
dmix:CARD=ALSA,DEV=0
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 ALSA
Direct sample mixing device
dmix:CARD=ALSA,DEV=1
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 IEC958/HDMI
Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=ALSA,DEV=0
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 ALSA
Direct sample snooping device
dsnoop:CARD=ALSA,DEV=1
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 IEC958/HDMI
Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=ALSA,DEV=0
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 ALSA
Direct hardware device without any conversions
hw:CARD=ALSA,DEV=1
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 IEC958/HDMI
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=ALSA,DEV=0
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 ALSA
Hardware device with all software conversions
plughw:CARD=ALSA,DEV=1
bcm2835 ALSA, bcm2835 IEC958/HDMI
Hardware device with all software conversions
default:CARD=Device
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
sysdefault:CARD=Device
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Front speakers
surround21:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
dmix:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=Device,DEV=0
C-Media USB Audio Device, USB Audio
Hardware device with all software conversions
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: ALSA [bcm2835 ALSA], device 0: bcm2835 ALSA [bcm2835 ALSA]
Subdevices: 8/8
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6
Subdevice #7: subdevice #7
card 0: ALSA [bcm2835 ALSA], device 1: bcm2835 ALSA [bcm2835 IEC958/HDMI]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: Device [C-Media USB Audio Device], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
#
# lsusb -v -d 0d8c:0008
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0d8c:0008 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 1.10
bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level)
bDeviceSubClass 0
bDeviceProtocol 0
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0d8c C-Media Electronics, Inc.
idProduct 0x0008
bcdDevice 1.00
iManufacturer 0
iProduct 1 C-Media USB Audio Device
iSerial 0
bNumConfigurations 1
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 224
bNumInterfaces 4
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0xa0
(Bus Powered)
Remote Wakeup
MaxPower 100mA
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 1 Control Device
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 10
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (HEADER)
bcdADC 1.00
wTotalLength 71
bInCollection 2
baInterfaceNr( 0) 1
baInterfaceNr( 1) 2
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 12
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (INPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 1
wTerminalType 0x0101 USB Streaming
bAssocTerminal 0
bNrChannels 2
wChannelConfig 0x0003
Left Front (L)
Right Front (R)
iChannelNames 0
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 12
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (INPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 2
wTerminalType 0x0201 Microphone
bAssocTerminal 0
bNrChannels 1
wChannelConfig 0x0001
Left Front (L)
iChannelNames 0
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (OUTPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 6
wTerminalType 0x0301 Speaker
bAssocTerminal 0
bSourceID 9
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (OUTPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 7
wTerminalType 0x0101 USB Streaming
bAssocTerminal 0
bSourceID 10
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 10
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 6 (FEATURE_UNIT)
bUnitID 9
bSourceID 1
bControlSize 1
bmaControls( 0) 0x01
Mute Control
bmaControls( 1) 0x02
Volume Control
bmaControls( 2) 0x02
Volume Control
iFeature 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 6 (FEATURE_UNIT)
bUnitID 10
bSourceID 2
bControlSize 1
bmaControls( 0) 0x43
Mute Control
Volume Control
Automatic Gain Control
bmaControls( 1) 0x00
iFeature 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (AS_GENERAL)
bTerminalLink 1
bDelay 1 frames
wFormatTag 1 PCM
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 14
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (FORMAT_TYPE)
bFormatType 1 (FORMAT_TYPE_I)
bNrChannels 2
bSubframeSize 2
bBitResolution 16
bSamFreqType 2 Discrete
tSamFreq[ 0] 48000
tSamFreq[ 1] 44100
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT
bmAttributes 9
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Adaptive
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x00c8 1x 200 bytes
bInterval 1
bRefresh 0
bSynchAddress 0
AudioControl Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 37
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (EP_GENERAL)
bmAttributes 0x01
Sampling Frequency
bLockDelayUnits 1 Milliseconds
wLockDelay 1 Milliseconds
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 2
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 2
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (AS_GENERAL)
bTerminalLink 7
bDelay 1 frames
wFormatTag 1 PCM
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 14
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (FORMAT_TYPE)
bFormatType 1 (FORMAT_TYPE_I)
bNrChannels 1
bSubframeSize 2
bBitResolution 16
bSamFreqType 2 Discrete
tSamFreq[ 0] 48000
tSamFreq[ 1] 44100
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN
bmAttributes 5
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Asynchronous
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0064 1x 100 bytes
bInterval 1
bRefresh 0
bSynchAddress 0
AudioControl Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 37
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (EP_GENERAL)
bmAttributes 0x01
Sampling Frequency
bLockDelayUnits 0 Undefined
wLockDelay 0 Undefined
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 3
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 3 Human Interface Device
bInterfaceSubClass 0 No Subclass
bInterfaceProtocol 0 None
iInterface 0
HID Device Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 33
bcdHID 1.00
bCountryCode 0 Not supported
bNumDescriptors 1
bDescriptorType 34 Report
wDescriptorLength 50
Report Descriptors:
** UNAVAILABLE **
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN
bmAttributes 3
Transfer Type Interrupt
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0004 1x 4 bytes
bInterval 32
Device Status: 0x0000
(Bus Powered)
#
ALSA
solo y pavucontrol
parecen necesitar X11, que no estoy ejecutando en esta máquina.
pavucontrol
. Pero está utilizando pulseaudio
para obtener un mezclador básico en el espacio de usuario, ¿verdad? (La mayoría de las distribuciones actuales usan alsa
para controlar la tarjeta y pulseaudio
para interactuar con el usuario real). Pero si está seguro de pulseaudio
que no es parte de su configuración, sí, pavucontrol
no será de ayuda.
pavucontrol
la herramienta de control pulseaudio (es posible que deba instalarla). Tuve un problema muy similar en Linux