Cómo reparar la instalación corrupta del paquete (mysql)

Después de actualizar a Ubuntu 16.04, noté que mysql tenía errores alucinantes. Convencido, era una configuración rota, intenté ejecutar una purga de mysql. Eso no pareció eliminar todo, así que intenté hacerlo yo mismo:

sudo rm -r /etc/mysql
sudo rm -r /usr/share/mysql-workbench
sudo rm -r /usr/share/mysql
sudo rm -r /usr/share/mysql-common

Esto fue un error. NUNCA intentes hacer esto. Ahora mysql ni siquiera se instalará correctamente. He intentado reinstalar las dependencias:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall $(apt-cache depends mysql-server | grep -Po 'Depends:\s+\K[^ ]+$' | tr '\n' ' ' )

Y los paquetes en sí:

sudo apt install mysql-workbench mysql-server --reinstall

Pero obtengo todo tipo de errores crípticos, como:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not         upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
E: Internal Error, No file name for mysql-server:amd64

Y desinstalar

sudo apt-get remove mysql-common
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libmysqlclient20 : Depends: mysql-common (>= 5.5) but it is not going to be installed
 mariadb-client-core-10.0 : Depends: mariadb-common (>= 10.0.24-7) but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

O si reconfigurar

sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-5.7.postinst: line 112: /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
 mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
  Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-5.7
 mysql-server

O si forzo la instalación:

sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-5.7.postinst: line 112: /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
 mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
  Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-5.7
 mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

O si hago una purga:

sudo apt-get -f purge mysql-server 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  mysql-server*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 159 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 348226 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing mysql-server (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-5.7.postinst: line 112: /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-5.7
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

¿Es apto incapaz de recuperarse de una instalación parcial? ¿Tengo que reinstalar el sistema operativo?

Haga lo siguiente para limpiar los paquetes rotos:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo dpkg -r mysql-client-5.7
sudo dpkg -r mysql-server-5.7
sudo dpkg -r libmysqlclient20:i386
sudo dpkg -r libmysqlclient20:amd64
sudo dpkg -r libmysqlclient18:amd64
sudo dpkg -r mysql-common
sudo dpkg -r mysql 

Después de eso, vuelva a instalarlo con:

sudo apt-get install mysql mysql-client* mysql-server*

Gracias a @Videonauth

sudo dpkg -r mysql-client-5.7
sudo dpkg -r mysql-server-5.7
sudo dpkg -r libmysqlclient20:i386
sudo dpkg -r libmysqlclient20:amd64
sudo dpkg -r libmysqlclient18:amd64
sudo dpkg -r mysql-common

Luego corriendo:

sudo apt-get purge mysql\* mariadb\* libmysql\* libmariadb\*

Si algo falla, simplemente ejecute sudo dpkg -r <failedpackage>y si ESO falla, simplemente elimine el paquete que depende de él. Si repite, eventualmente apt-get funcionará nuevamente.

Consulte también ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre dpkg y aptitude / apt-get?

Prueba esto,

ejecuta este comando para purgar mysql, reemplaza la versión 5.7 con tu versión instalada

sudo apt purge mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7 mysql-server

ejecutar esto para limpiar y actualizar paquetes

sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade && sudo apt autoremove && sudo apt -f install

finalmente instale mysql

sudo apt install mysql-server

Esto funcionó para mí.

Después de purgar mysqlcomo se ha mostrado anteriormente, debe instalar mysql de esta manera:

sudo apt-get install mysql-common 
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Cuando instale de esta manera, no tendrá un error de instalación.

No sé la razón exacta, pero todos estos métodos no funcionaron para mí. En mi caso, el procedimiento que corrigió el problema fue:

sudo apt-get purge mysql-*
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql*

y reiniciar !

¡por fin he podido correr sudo apt-get install mysql-server!

Esto funciono para mi

sudo apt-get purge mysql*
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Luego de eso instalé MySQL nuevamente con

sudo apt-get install mysql-server y ahora está funcionando bien.

El comando sudo dpkg -r no funciona para mí.

Solía sudo apt-get purge mysql-*desinstalar todas las páginas publicadas y luego reinstalarlas