Clasificación topológica (a través de script)
El comando es problemático : no respeta correctamente el orden en que deben instalarse los paquetes (incluso si proporciona todos los paquetes necesarios).dpkg -i packages/*.deb
Script personalizado para gobernarlos a todos
Bajo el supuesto de que su distribución de Debian tiene Python instalado (el mío es Ubuntu 14.04 LTS y viene con python27
)
Aparte del packages
directorio .deb fuera de línea , proporcione un script que;
- Extrae metadatos y ordena topológicamente todos los paquetes candidatos
- Usos
dpkg -i
para instalar los paquetes ordenados en el orden correcto en que deberían instalarse
Por ejemplo, ejecute este comando para instalar todos los paquetes fuera de línea recopilados previamente
sudo python install.py
install.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import re
import subprocess
import logging
import sys
rootLogger = logging.getLogger()
rootLogger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
consoleHandler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
consoleHandler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"))
rootLogger.addHandler(consoleHandler)
SCRIPT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
class TopologicalSort(object):
def __init__(self, dependency_map):
self._dependency_map = dependency_map
self._already_processed = set()
def _get_dependencies(self, item, root=None):
if not root:
root = item
elif root == item:
logging.warn("circular dependency detected in '{}'".format(item))
raise StopIteration()
dependencies = self._dependency_map.get(item, [])
for dependency in dependencies:
if dependency in self._already_processed:
continue
self._already_processed.add(dependency)
for sub_dependency in self._get_dependencies(dependency, root=root):
yield sub_dependency
yield dependency
def sort(self):
# Reduction, connect all nodes to a dummy node and re-calculate
special_package_id = 'topological-sort-special-node'
self._dependency_map[special_package_id] = self._dependency_map.keys()
sorted_dependencies = self._get_dependencies(special_package_id)
sorted_dependencies = list(sorted_dependencies)
del self._dependency_map[special_package_id]
# Remove "noise" dependencies (only referenced, not declared)
sorted_dependencies = filter(lambda x: x in self._dependency_map, sorted_dependencies)
return sorted_dependencies
class DebianPackage(object):
def __init__(self, file_path):
metadata = subprocess.check_output('dpkg -I {}'.format(file_path), shell=True)
metadata = metadata.replace('\n ', '\n')
self._metadata = metadata
self.id = self._get('Package')
self.dependencies = list(self._get_dependencies())
self.file_path = file_path
def _get_dependencies(self):
dependencies = self._get('Depends') + ',' + self._get('Pre-Depends')
dependencies = re.split(r',|\|', dependencies)
dependencies = map(lambda x: re.sub(r'\(.*\)|:any', '', x).strip(), dependencies)
dependencies = filter(lambda x: x, dependencies)
dependencies = set(dependencies)
for dependency in dependencies:
yield dependency
def _get(self, key):
search = re.search(r'\n{key}:(.*)\n[A-Z]'.format(key=key), self._metadata)
return search.group(1).strip() if search else ''
def sort_debian_packages(directory_path):
file_names = os.listdir(directory_path)
debian_packages = {}
dependency_map = {}
for file_name in file_names:
file_path = os.path.join(directory_path, file_name)
if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
continue
debian_package = DebianPackage(file_path)
debian_packages[debian_package.id] = debian_package
dependency_map[debian_package.id] = debian_package.dependencies
sorted_dependencies = TopologicalSort(dependency_map).sort()
sorted_dependencies = map(lambda package_id: debian_packages[package_id].file_path, sorted_dependencies)
return sorted_dependencies
def main():
# ------------------
# Sort the packages using topological sort
packages_dir_path = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, 'packages')
logging.info('sorting packages in "{}" using topological sort ...'.format(packages_dir_path))
sorted_packages = sort_debian_packages(packages_dir_path)
# ------------------
# Install the packages in the sorted order
for index, package_file_path in enumerate(sorted_packages):
command = 'dpkg -i {}'.format(package_file_path)
logging.info('executing "{}" ...'.format(command))
subprocess.check_call(command, shell=True)
if __name__ == '__main__':
if os.geteuid() != 0:
logging.error('must be run as root')
sys.exit(1)
try:
main()
except:
logging.error('failed to install packages', exc_info=True)
sys.exit(1)
dpkg
con respecto a la gestión de dependencias. Puede simular las acciones resultantes con la--apt-line
bandera.