El uso de memoria en mi sistema Ubuntu 13.04 no se acumula con el tiempo. He probado los núcleos 3.8.0-xx y los últimos 3.9 de / ~ kernel-ppa / mainline.
Cuando inicio por primera vez, todo se suma correctamente, pero después de un par de días, esto es lo que parece.
$ free -k
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 7978976 7319920 659056 0 97248 1344356
-/+ buffers/cache: 5878316 2100660
Swap: 2438140 0 2438140
Free informa que se están utilizando aproximadamente 5.8G de memoria residente, excluyendo caché y buffers.
Cuando sumo el rss reportado por el comando ps, los totales difieren dramáticamente.
sudo ps -eo pid,rss,args > mem.txt
PID RSS COMMAND
6377 848,268 /usr/lib/firefox/firefox
6095 243,664 /usr/bin/gnome-shell
1752 72,300 /usr/sbin/mysqld
6167 71,460 /var/lib/dropbox/.dropbox-dist/dropbox
7608 66,952 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/deluge-gtk
23320 57,892 /usr/bin/X :3 -background none -verbose -auth /run/gdm/auth-for-gdm-9zmczs/database -nolisten tcp vt7
6445 45,476 /usr/lib/firefox/plugin-container /usr/lib/adobe-flashplugin/libflashplayer.so -greomni /usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja -appomni /usr/lib/firefox/browser/omni.ja -appdir /usr/lib/firefox/browser 6377 true plugin
6159 39,784 nautilus -n
6153 37,276 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/autokey-gtk
9306 29,432 gnome-terminal
6152 27,152 nm-applet
6066 24,796 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon
6434 20,120 /usr/lib/firefox/plugin-container /opt/google/talkplugin/libnpgoogletalk.so -greomni /usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja -appomni /usr/lib/firefox/browser/omni.ja -appdir /usr/lib/firefox/browser 6377 true plugin
9505 17,700 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
6154 16,096 update-notifier
6437 13,516 /opt/google/talkplugin/GoogleTalkPlugin
6184 13,192 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-calendar-factory
5983 12,372 gnome-session --session=gnome
3746 9,468 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/fail2ban-server -b -s /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock
9510 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
9511 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
9512 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
9513 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
9514 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
6112 7,732 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-source-registry
1890 7,212 /usr/bin/atop -a -w /var/log/atop/atop_20130425 600
6106 6,912 /usr/lib/gnome-shell/gnome-shell-calendar-server
1646 6,868 NetworkManager
6073 6,404 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog
6125 6,080 /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5
5588 5,592 /usr/lib/udisks2/udisksd --no-debug
1229 5,568 /usr/lib/colord/colord
6129 5,560 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-udisks2-volume-monitor
1205 5,532 smbd -F
5954 5,220 gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password]
1656 5,164 /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd --no-debug
9312 5,112 -bash
5965 5,040 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --daemonize --login
9531 4,952 -bash
1759 4,900 whoopsie
1606 4,412 /usr/sbin/winbindd -F
3149 4,300 /usr/lib/upower/upowerd
2992 4,068 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon
23316 3,952 /usr/lib/gdm/gdm-simple-slave --display-id /org/gnome/DisplayManager/Displays/_3
6299 3,800 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-metadata
1090 3,748 /usr/sbin/cupsd -F
1721 3,708 /sbin/dhclient -d -sf /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action -pf /run/sendsigs.omit.d/network-manager.dhclient-eth0.pid -lf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-681b428f-beaf-8932-dce4-687ed5bae28e-eth0.lease -cf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-eth0.conf eth0
2988 3,672 /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon
6228 3,540 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-trash --spawner :1.4 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/0
6043 3,296 /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi2-registryd --use-gnome-session
1728 3,288 gdm
6136 3,220 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gphoto2-volume-monitor
6144 3,212 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-afc-volume-monitor
6036 3,204 /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi-bus-launcher
1607 3,196 /usr/sbin/modem-manager
1 3,096 /sbin/init
6087 3,044 /usr/lib/pulseaudio/pulse/gconf-helper
6047 2,992 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd
6089 2,900 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gconf/gconfd-2
6274 2,832 /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service
1248 2,772 /usr/sbin/cups-browsed
1571 2,696 /usr/sbin/sshd -D
6140 2,648 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-mtp-volume-monitor
1484 2,608 dhclient -1 -v -pf /run/dhclient.eth0.pid -lf /var/lib/dhcp/dhclient.eth0.leases eth0
9662 2,600 sudo ps -eo pid,rss,args
3614 2,428 /usr/sbin/afpd -U uams_dhx2.so,uams_clrtxt.so -g nobody -c 50 -n cheetah
771 2,340 dbus-daemon --system --fork
5376 2,124 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -u 117:126
6032 1,908 //bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7 --session
1642 1,780 /usr/sbin/winbindd -F
3460 1,760 qmgr -l -t fifo -u
928 1,728 avahi-daemon: running [cheetah.local]
866 1,704 /usr/sbin/bluetoothd
719 1,700 /sbin/udevd --daemon
9637 1,696 man ps
1627 1,684 nmbd -D
762 1,652 rsyslogd -c5
2850 1,636 /usr/lib/postfix/master
1239 1,608 smbd -F
7599 1,608 pickup -l -t fifo -u -c
6040 1,488 /bin/dbus-daemon --config-file=/etc/at-spi2/accessibility.conf --nofork --print-address 3
1760 1,472 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --no-resolv --keep-in-foreground --no-hosts --bind-interfaces --pid-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.pid --listen-address=127.0.1.1 --conf-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.conf --cache-size=0 --proxy-dnssec --enable-dbus=org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.dnsmasq --conf-dir=/etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d
5399 1,368 /sbin/udevd --daemon
5400 1,368 /sbin/udevd --daemon
1233 1,356 rpc.statd -L
3516 1,308 /usr/lib/rtkit/rtkit-daemon
9648 1,188 pager -s
1719 1,044 cron
1675 976 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty5
1691 976 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty2
1692 972 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty3
1695 972 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty6
3971 972 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1
1668 968 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty4
1216 964 rpcbind -w
716 900 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon
2893 880 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq -x /var/run/dnsmasq/dnsmasq.pid -u dnsmasq -r /var/run/dnsmasq/resolv.conf -7 /etc/dnsmasq.d,.dpkg-dist,.dpkg-old,.dpkg-new
9663 868 ps -eo pid,rss,args
9311 824 gnome-pty-helper
1703 816 acpid -c /etc/acpi/events -s /var/run/acpid.socket
1737 776 /usr/sbin/irqbalance
3606 760 /usr/sbin/cnid_metad -l log_note
1235 732 upstart-socket-bridge --daemon
763 680 rpc.idmapd
6031 592 /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session --session=gnome
933 472 avahi-daemon: chroot helper
457 420 upstart-file-bridge --daemon
6028 316 /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session --session=gnome
1717 168 atd
2 0 [kthreadd]
3 0 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 0 [kworker/0:0H]
7 0 [kworker/u:0H]
8 0 [migration/0]
9 0 [rcu_bh]
10 0 [rcu_sched]
11 0 [watchdog/0]
12 0 [watchdog/1]
13 0 [migration/1]
14 0 [ksoftirqd/1]
16 0 [kworker/1:0H]
17 0 [watchdog/2]
18 0 [migration/2]
19 0 [ksoftirqd/2]
21 0 [kworker/2:0H]
22 0 [watchdog/3]
23 0 [migration/3]
24 0 [ksoftirqd/3]
26 0 [kworker/3:0H]
27 0 [watchdog/4]
28 0 [migration/4]
29 0 [ksoftirqd/4]
31 0 [kworker/4:0H]
32 0 [watchdog/5]
33 0 [migration/5]
34 0 [ksoftirqd/5]
36 0 [kworker/5:0H]
37 0 [khelper]
38 0 [kdevtmpfs]
39 0 [netns]
40 0 [bdi-default]
41 0 [kintegrityd]
42 0 [kblockd]
43 0 [ata_sff]
44 0 [khubd]
45 0 [md]
46 0 [devfreq_wq]
48 0 [irq/72-AMD-Vi]
49 0 [khungtaskd]
50 0 [kswapd0]
51 0 [ksmd]
52 0 [khugepaged]
53 0 [fsnotify_mark]
54 0 [ecryptfs-kthrea]
55 0 [crypto]
66 0 [kthrotld]
74 0 [binder]
93 0 [deferwq]
94 0 [charger_manager]
198 0 [scsi_eh_0]
204 0 [scsi_eh_1]
205 0 [firewire]
219 0 [kworker/u:3]
220 0 [scsi_eh_2]
239 0 [scsi_eh_3]
251 0 [scsi_eh_4]
255 0 [scsi_eh_5]
259 0 [scsi_eh_6]
260 0 [scsi_eh_7]
269 0 [kworker/u:6]
283 0 [scsi_eh_8]
284 0 [scsi_eh_9]
360 0 [kworker/5:1H]
361 0 [jbd2/sda1-8]
362 0 [ext4-dio-unwrit]
643 0 [xfsalloc]
644 0 [xfs_mru_cache]
645 0 [xfslogd]
646 0 [xfs-data/sdb1]
647 0 [xfs-conv/sdb1]
648 0 [xfs-cil/sdb1]
650 0 [xfsaild/sdb1]
695 0 [xfs-data/sdc1]
696 0 [xfs-conv/sdc1]
697 0 [xfs-cil/sdc1]
698 0 [xfsaild/sdc1]
730 0 [rpciod]
743 0 [nfsiod]
922 0 [krfcommd]
944 0 [kworker/4:1H]
1017 0 [edac-poller]
1029 0 [hd-audio0]
1031 0 [kpsmoused]
1060 0 [kvm-irqfd-clean]
1107 0 [hd-audio1]
1157 0 [kworker/3:1H]
1190 0 [kworker/2:1H]
1198 0 [kworker/1:1H]
1793 0 [kauditd]
1845 0 [flush-8:0]
3569 0 [iprt]
4867 0 [kworker/4:1]
5403 0 [nfsv4.0-svc]
5848 0 [kworker/0:1H]
5935 0 [kworker/2:3]
9274 0 [kworker/5:2]
9527 0 [kworker/5:0]
9630 0 [flush-8:32]
10694 0 [kworker/3:3]
13358 0 [kworker/1:0]
18154 0 [kworker/0:0]
19625 0 [kworker/4:0]
23502 0 [kworker/3:2]
31403 0 [kworker/2:1]
32141 0 [kworker/0:2]
32655 0 [kworker/1:1]
1,939,900
ps informa que la suma de toda la memoria residente utilizada por todos mis procesos es de aproximadamente 1.9G.
¿Qué procesos están utilizando los 3.9G restantes?
EDITAR : Más información sobre el uso de la memoria del núcleo. slabtop informa lo siguiente.
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
2233988 2233988 100% 0.88K 62057 36 1985824K xfs_inode
735948 714094 97% 0.22K 20443 36 163544K xfs_ili
129280 117946 91% 1.00K 4040 32 129280K nfs_inode_cache
92344 92344 100% 0.93K 2716 34 86912K ext4_inode_cache
292866 292866 100% 0.19K 13946 21 55784K dentry
75096 71346 95% 0.55K 2682 28 42912K radix_tree_node
¿Significa esto que el núcleo está usando casi 2 GB para almacenar en caché xfs_inodes, caché que no se informa en la columna en caché del comando gratuito?
Gracias, mucho más fácil que cargar en una hoja de cálculo. Sin embargo, el total que informa es el mismo a 1896504 bytes. Todavía me faltan casi 4G. De todos modos para determinar qué lo está usando?
—
Richard Ayotte
¿Has probado el comando
—
somoso
top?
@somoso sí, top, htop, monitor del sistema, todos informan lo mismo.
—
Richard Ayotte
psNo es una forma precisa de medir el uso de memoria del sistema, por varias razones. He visto el siguiente comando, similar a su comando, pero incluye un total:sudo ps -e -orss=,args= | sort -b -k1,1n | awk '{total = total + $1}END{print total}'