Esta es, creo, una solución general, aunque la probé utilizando IBM Informix Dynamic Server 11.50.FC3. La siguiente consulta:
SELECT grade,
ROUND(100.0 * grade_sum / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM grades), 2) AS pct_of_grades
FROM (SELECT grade, COUNT(*) AS grade_sum
FROM grades
GROUP BY grade
)
ORDER BY grade;
da el siguiente resultado en los datos de prueba que se muestran debajo de la regla horizontal. La ROUND
función puede ser específica de DBMS, pero el resto (probablemente) no lo es. (Tenga en cuenta que cambié de 100 a 100.0 para garantizar que el cálculo se realice usando aritmética no entera - DECIMAL, NUMERIC -; vea los comentarios y gracias a Thunder).
grade pct_of_grades
CHAR(1) DECIMAL(32,2)
A 32.26
B 16.13
C 12.90
D 12.90
E 9.68
F 16.13
CREATE TABLE grades
(
id VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
grade CHAR(1) NOT NULL CHECK (grade MATCHES '[ABCDEF]')
);
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1001', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1002', 'B');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1003', 'F');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1004', 'C');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1005', 'D');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1006', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1007', 'F');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1008', 'C');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1009', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1010', 'E');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1001', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1012', 'F');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1013', 'D');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1014', 'B');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1015', 'E');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1016', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1017', 'F');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1018', 'B');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1019', 'C');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1020', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1021', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1022', 'E');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1023', 'D');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1024', 'B');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1025', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1026', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1027', 'D');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1028', 'B');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1029', 'A');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1030', 'C');
INSERT INTO grades VALUES('1031', 'F');