¿Es posible concatenar dos cadenas de tipo `const char *` en tiempo de compilación?

Obviamente podemos concatenar dos literales de cadena en una constexprfunción, pero ¿qué pasa con la concatenación de un literal de cadena con una cadena devuelta por otra constexprfunción como en el código a continuación?

template <class T>
constexpr const char * get_arithmetic_size()
{
    switch (sizeof(T))
    {
    case 1: return "1";
    case 2: return "2";
    case 4: return "4";
    case 8: return "8";
    case 16: return "16";
    default: static_assert(dependent_false_v<T>);
    }
}

template <class T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic_v<T>, const char *> make_type_name()
{
    const char * prefix = std::is_signed_v<T> ? "int" : "uint";
    return prefix; // how to concatenate prefix with get_arithmetic_size<T>() ?
}

static_assert(strings_equal(make_type_name<int>, make_type_name<int32_t>);

El código crea un identificador de cadena independiente del compilador de un tipo aritmético.

EDITAR1:

Un ejemplo un poco más complicado es:

template<typename Test, template<typename...> class Ref>
struct is_specialization : std::false_type {};

template<template<typename...> class Ref, typename... Args>
struct is_specialization<Ref<Args...>, Ref> : std::true_type {};

template <class T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<is_specialization<T, std::vector>::value || is_specialization<T, std::list>::value, const char *> make_type_name()
{
    return "sequence"; // + make_type_name<typename T::value_type>;
}

static_assert(strings_equal(make_type_name<std::vector<int>>(), make_type_name<std::list<int>>()));

Aquí hay una clase de cadena de tiempo de compilación rápida:

template<std::size_t N>
struct ct_str
{
    char state[N+1] = {0};
    constexpr ct_str( char const(&arr)[N+1] )
    {
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
            state[i] = arr[i];
    }
    constexpr char operator[](std::size_t i) const { return state[i]; } 
    constexpr char& operator[](std::size_t i) { return state[i]; } 

    constexpr explicit operator char const*() const { return state; }
    constexpr char const* data() const { return state; }
    constexpr std::size_t size() const { return N; }
    constexpr char const* begin() const { return state; }
    constexpr char const* end() const { return begin()+size(); }

    constexpr ct_str() = default;
    constexpr ct_str( ct_str const& ) = default;
    constexpr ct_str& operator=( ct_str const& ) = default;

    template<std::size_t M>
    friend constexpr ct_str<N+M> operator+( ct_str lhs, ct_str<M> rhs )
    {
        ct_str<N+M> retval;
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
            retval[i] = lhs[i];
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < M; ++i)
            retval[N+i] = rhs[i];
        return retval;
    }

    friend constexpr bool operator==( ct_str lhs, ct_str rhs )
    {
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
            if (lhs[i] != rhs[i]) return false;
        return true;
    }
    friend constexpr bool operator!=( ct_str lhs, ct_str rhs )
    {
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
            if (lhs[i] != rhs[i]) return true;
        return false;
    }
    template<std::size_t M, std::enable_if_t< M!=N, bool > = true>
    friend constexpr bool operator!=( ct_str lhs, ct_str<M> rhs ) { return true; }
    template<std::size_t M, std::enable_if_t< M!=N, bool > = true>
    friend bool operator==( ct_str, ct_str<M> ) { return false; }
};

template<std::size_t N>
ct_str( char const(&)[N] )->ct_str<N-1>;

puedes usarlo así:

template <class T>
constexpr auto get_arithmetic_size()
{
    if constexpr (sizeof(T)==1)
        return ct_str{"1"};
    if constexpr (sizeof(T)==2)
        return ct_str{"2"};
    if constexpr (sizeof(T)==4)
        return ct_str{"4"};
    if constexpr (sizeof(T)==8)
        return ct_str{"8"};
    if constexpr (sizeof(T)==16)
        return ct_str{"16"};
}

template <class T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<T>{}, bool> = true>
constexpr auto make_type_name()
{
    if constexpr (std::is_signed<T>{})
        return ct_str{"int"} + get_arithmetic_size<T>();
    else
        return ct_str{"uint"} + get_arithmetic_size<T>();
}

lo que lleva a declaraciones como:

static_assert(make_type_name<int>() == make_type_name<int32_t>());

paso.

Ejemplo en vivo .

Ahora, una cosa molesta es que la longitud del búfer está en el sistema de tipos. Puede agregar un lengthcampo y hacer que Nsea ​​"tamaño de búfer", y modificar ct_strpara copiar solo lengthy dejar los bytes finales como 0. Luego anule common_typepara devolver el máximo Nde ambos lados.

Eso le permitiría pasar ct_str{"uint"}y ct_str{"int"}en el mismo tipo de valor y hacer que el código de implementación sea un poco menos molesto.

template<std::size_t N>
struct ct_str
{
    char state[N+1] = {0};

    template<std::size_t M, std::enable_if_t< (M<=N+1), bool > = true>
    constexpr ct_str( char const(&arr)[M] ):
        ct_str( arr, std::make_index_sequence<M>{} )
    {}
    template<std::size_t M, std::enable_if_t< (M<N), bool > = true >
    constexpr ct_str( ct_str<M> const& o ):
        ct_str( o, std::make_index_sequence<M>{} )
    {}
private:
    template<std::size_t M, std::size_t...Is>
    constexpr ct_str( char const(&arr)[M], std::index_sequence<Is...> ):
        state{ arr[Is]... }
    {}
    template<std::size_t M, std::size_t...Is>
    constexpr ct_str( ct_str<M> const& o, std::index_sequence<Is...> ):
        state{ o[Is]... }
    {}
public:
    constexpr char operator[](std::size_t i) const { return state[i]; } 
    constexpr char& operator[](std::size_t i) { return state[i]; } 

    constexpr explicit operator char const*() const { return state; }
    constexpr char const* data() const { return state; }
    constexpr std::size_t size() const {
        std::size_t retval = 0;
        while(state[retval]) {
            ++retval;
        }
        return retval;
    }
    constexpr char const* begin() const { return state; }
    constexpr char const* end() const { return begin()+size(); }

    constexpr ct_str() = default;
    constexpr ct_str( ct_str const& ) = default;
    constexpr ct_str& operator=( ct_str const& ) = default;

    template<std::size_t M>
    friend constexpr ct_str<N+M> operator+( ct_str lhs, ct_str<M> rhs )
    {
        ct_str<N+M> retval;
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < lhs.size(); ++i)
            retval[i] = lhs[i];
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < rhs.size(); ++i)
            retval[lhs.size()+i] = rhs[i];
        return retval;
    }

    template<std::size_t M>
    friend constexpr bool operator==( ct_str lhs, ct_str<M> rhs )
    {
        if (lhs.size() != rhs.size()) return false;
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < lhs.size(); ++i)
            if (lhs[i] != rhs[i]) return false;
        return true;
    }
    template<std::size_t M>
    friend constexpr bool operator!=( ct_str lhs, ct_str<M> rhs )
    {
        if (lhs.size() != rhs.size()) return true;
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < lhs.size(); ++i)
            if (lhs[i] != rhs[i]) return true;
        return false;
    }
};

template<std::size_t N>
ct_str( char const(&)[N] )->ct_str<N-1>;

Las implementaciones de funciones ahora se convierten en:

template <class T>
constexpr ct_str<2> get_arithmetic_size()
{
    switch (sizeof(T)) {
        case 1: return "1";
        case 2: return "2";
        case 4: return "4";
        case 8: return "8";
        case 16: return "16";
    }

}

template <class T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<T>{}, bool> = true>
constexpr auto make_type_name()
{
    constexpr auto base = std::is_signed<T>{}?ct_str{"int"}:ct_str{"uint"};
    return base + get_arithmetic_size<T>();
}

lo cual es mucho más natural de escribir.

Ejemplo en vivo .

No es imposible. Puede implementar algo como a continuación (es C ++ 14).

#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>

constexpr const char* name[] = {
  "uint1", "uint2", "uint4", "uint8", "uint16",
  "int1",  "int2",  "int4",  "int8",  "int16"
};

template <class T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value, const char *> make_type_name() {
  return name[std::is_signed<T>::value * 5 +
    static_cast<int>(std::log(sizeof(T)) / std::log(2) + 0.5)];
}

static_assert(std::strcmp(make_type_name<int>(), make_type_name<int32_t>()) == 0);

int main() {
  std::cout << make_type_name<int>();
  return 0;
}

https://ideone.com/BaADaM

Si no le gusta usar <cmath>, puede reemplazar std::log:

#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>

constexpr const char* name[] = {
  "uint1", "uint2", "uint4", "uint8", "uint16",
  "int1",  "int2",  "int4",  "int8",  "int16"
};

constexpr size_t log2(size_t n) {
  return (n<2) ? 0 : 1 + log2(n/2);
}

template <class T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value, const char *> make_type_name() {
  return name[std::is_signed<T>::value * 5 + log2(sizeof(T))];
}

static_assert(std::strcmp(make_type_name<int>(), make_type_name<int32_t>()) == 0);

int main() {
  std::cout << make_type_name<int>();
  return 0;
}