Hay varios iconos diferentes e incluso pantallas de bienvenida que puede configurar para varios dispositivos. Esta respuesta explica cómo apoyarlos a todos.
Aquí hay algunos fragmentos que he usado con enlaces relevantes a donde reuní la información. Consulte mi blog para obtener más información y más información sobre la plantilla de proyecto ASP.NET MVC Boilerplate con todo esto integrado de inmediato (incluidos los archivos de imagen de muestra).
Agregue el siguiente marcado a su cabeza html. Las secciones comentadas son completamente opcionales. Si bien las secciones no comentadas se recomiendan para cubrir todos los usos de los íconos. No tengas miedo, la mayoría si son comentarios para ayudarte.
<!-- Icons & Platform Specific Settings - Favicon generator used to generate the icons below http://realfavicongenerator.net/ -->
<!-- shortcut icon - It is best to add this icon to the root of your site and only use this link element if you move it somewhere else. This file contains the following sizes 16x16, 32x32 and 48x48. -->
<!--<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico">-->
<!-- favicon-96x96.png - For Google TV. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96">
<!-- favicon-16x16.png - The classic favicon, displayed in the tabs. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16">
<!-- favicon-32x32.png - For Safari on Mac OS. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32">
<!-- Android/Chrome -->
<!-- manifest-json - The location of the browser configuration file. It contains locations of icon files, name of the application and default device screen orientation. Note that the name field is mandatory.
https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/installtohomescreen. -->
<link rel="manifest" href="/content/icons/manifest.json">
<!-- theme-color - The colour of the toolbar in Chrome M39+
http://updates.html5rocks.com/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android -->
<meta name="theme-color" content="#1E1E1E">
<!-- favicon-192x192.png - For Android Chrome M36 to M38 this HTML is used. M39+ uses the manifest.json file. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/icons/favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192">
<!-- mobile-web-app-capable - Run Android/Chrome version M31 to M38 in standalone mode, hiding the browser chrome. -->
<!-- <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> -->
<!-- Apple Icons - You can move all these icons to the root of the site and remove these link elements, if you don't mind the clutter.
https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariHTMLRef/Introduction.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/30001261-SW1 -->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-title - The name of the application if pinned to the IOS start screen. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="">-->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-capable - Hide the browsers user interface on IOS, when the app is run in 'standalone' mode. Any links to other pages that are clicked whilst your app is in standalone mode will launch the full Safari browser. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">-->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style - default/black/black-translucent Styles the IOS status bar. Using black-translucent makes it transparent and overlays it on top of your site, so make sure you have enough margin. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">-->
<!-- apple-touch-icon-57x57.png - Android Stock Browser and non-Retina iPhone and iPod Touch -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-114x114.png - iPhone (with 2× display) iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-72x72.png - iPad mini and the first- and second-generation iPad (1× display) on iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-144x144.png - iPad (with 2× display) iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-60x60.png - Same as apple-touch-icon-57x57.png, for non-retina iPhone with iOS7. -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-120x120.png - iPhone (with 2× and 3 display) iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-76x76.png - iPad mini and the first- and second-generation iPad (1× display) on iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-152x152.png - iPad 3+ (with 2× display) iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-180x180.png - iPad and iPad mini (with 2× display) iOS = 8 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png">
<!-- Apple Startup Images - These are shown when the page is loading if the site is pinned https://gist.github.com/tfausak/2222823 -->
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPad (retina, portrait) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPad (retina, landscape) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png - iOS 6 iPad (portrait) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png - iOS 6 iPad (landscape) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPhone 5 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png"
media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPhone (retina) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png"
media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png - iOS 6 iPhone -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png"
media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- Windows 8 Icons - If you add an RSS feed, revisit this page and regenerate the browserconfig.xml file. You will then have a cool live tile!
browserconfig.xml - Windows 8.1 - Has been added to the root of the site. This points to the tile images and tile background colour. It contains the following images:
mstile-70x70.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
mstile-144x144.png - For Windows 8 / IE10.
mstile-150x150.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
mstile-310x310.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
mstile-310x150.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
See http://www.buildmypinnedsite.com/en and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/ie/dn255024%28v=vs.85%29.aspx. -->
<!-- application-name - Windows 8+ - The name of the application if pinned to the start screen. -->
<!--<meta name="application-name" content="">-->
<!-- msapplication-TileColor - Windows 8 - The tile colour which shows around your tile image (msapplication-TileImage). -->
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#5cb95c">
<!-- msapplication-TileImage - Windows 8 - The tile image. -->
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/content/images/mstile-144x144.png">
Mi archivo browserconfig.xml. Explicación completa arriba.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<browserconfig>
<msapplication>
<tile>
<square70x70logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-70x70.png"/>
<square150x150logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-150x150.png"/>
<square310x310logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-310x310.png"/>
<wide310x150logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-310x150.png"/>
<TileColor>#5cb95c</TileColor>
</tile>
</msapplication>
</browserconfig>
Mi archivo manifest.json. Explicación completa arriba.
{
"name": "ASP.NET MVC Boilerplate (Required! Update This)",
"icons": [
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-36x36.png",
"sizes": "36x36",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "0.75"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-48x48.png",
"sizes": "48x48",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "1.0"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-72x72.png",
"sizes": "72x72",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "1.5"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-96x96.png",
"sizes": "96x96",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "2.0"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-144x144.png",
"sizes": "144x144",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "3.0"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-192x192.png",
"sizes": "192x192",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "4.0"
}
]
}
Una lista de los archivos en el proyecto (tenga en cuenta que los nombres de estos archivos son importantes si decide colocar algunos de ellos en la raíz de su proyecto para evitar el uso de las metaetiquetas anteriores):
favicon.ico
browserconfig.xml
Content/Images/
android-chrome-144x144.png
android-chrome-192x192.png
android-chrome-36x36.png
android-chrome-48x48.png
android-chrome-72x72.png
android-chrome-96x96.png
apple-touch-icon.png
apple-touch-icon-57x57.png
apple-touch-icon-60x60.png
apple-touch-icon-72x72.png
apple-touch-icon-76x76.png
apple-touch-icon-114x114.png
apple-touch-icon-120x120.png
apple-touch-icon-144x144.png
apple-touch-icon-152x152.png
apple-touch-icon-180x180.png
apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png (180x180)
favicon-16x16.png
favicon-32x32.png
favicon-96x96.png
favicon-192x192.png
manifest.json
mstile-70x70.png
mstile-144x144.png
mstile-150x150.png
mstile-310x150.png
mstile-310x310.png
apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png
apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png
apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png
apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png
apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png
apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png
apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png
Gastos generales totales
Si elimina los comentarios, eso es 3 KB de HTML adicional, si no admite pantallas de bienvenida, eso es 1.5 KB. Si está utilizando compresión GZIP en su contenido HTML, lo que todo el mundo debería estar haciendo en estos días, eso le deja con unos 634 bytes de sobrecarga por solicitud para admitir todas las plataformas o 446 bytes sin pantallas de presentación. Personalmente, creo que vale la pena admitir dispositivos IOS, Android y Windows, pero es su elección, ¡solo estoy dando las opciones!
Nota al margen sobre el icono web actual / pantalla de bienvenida / situación de configuración
Esta situación con iconos específicos del proveedor, pantallas de bienvenida y etiquetas especiales para controlar el navegador web o iconos anclados es ridícula. En un mundo perfecto, todos usaríamos un archivo favicon.svg que podría verse bien en cualquier tamaño y podría ubicarse en la raíz de la página. Solo FireFox admite esto en el momento de la escritura (consulte CanIUse.com ).
Sin embargo, los iconos no son la única configuración en estos días, hay varias configuraciones específicas de otros proveedores (mostradas arriba) pero un archivo favicon.svg cubriría la mayoría de los casos de uso.
Actualizar
Actualizado para incluir la nueva versión de Android / Chrome M39 + favicon / opciones de temas. Curiosamente, han seguido un enfoque similar a Microsoft pero están utilizando un archivo JSON en lugar de XML.
