He tenido la misma situación, y todas las respuestas que encontré aquí y en otros lugares no ayudaron o no fueron satisfactorias:
El Thread.CurrentUICulturecambia el idioma de las excepciones de .NET, pero no para Win32Exception, que utiliza los recursos de Windows en el idioma de la interfaz de usuario de Windows en sí. Así que nunca logré imprimir los mensajes Win32Exceptionen inglés en lugar de en alemán, ni siquiera usando FormatMessage()como se describe en
¿Cómo obtener Win32Exception en inglés?
Por lo tanto, creé mi propia solución, que almacena la mayoría de los mensajes de excepción existentes para diferentes idiomas en archivos externos. No recibirá el mensaje exacto en su idioma deseado, pero recibirá un mensaje en ese idioma, que es mucho más de lo que actualmente recibe (que es un mensaje en un idioma que probablemente no entienda).
Las funciones estáticas de esta clase se pueden ejecutar en instalaciones de Windows con diferentes idiomas:
CreateMessages()crea los textos específicos de la cultura, los
SaveMessagesToXML()guarda en tantos archivos XML como idiomas se crean o cargan,
LoadMessagesFromXML()carga todos los archivos XML con mensajes específicos del idioma
Al crear los archivos XML en diferentes instalaciones de Windows con diferentes idiomas, pronto tendrá todos los idiomas que necesita.
Quizás pueda crear los textos para diferentes idiomas en 1 Windows cuando tenga instalados varios paquetes de idiomas MUI, pero aún no lo he probado.
Probado con VS2008, listo para usar. ¡Comentarios y sugerencias son bienvenidas!
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading;
using System.Xml;
public struct CException
{
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public CException(Exception i_oException)
{
m_oException = i_oException;
m_oCultureInfo = null;
m_sMessage = null;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public CException(Exception i_oException, string i_sCulture)
{
m_oException = i_oException;
try
{ m_oCultureInfo = new CultureInfo(i_sCulture); }
catch
{ m_oCultureInfo = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture; }
m_sMessage = null;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public CException(Exception i_oException, CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
{
m_oException = i_oException;
m_oCultureInfo = i_oCultureInfo == null ? CultureInfo.InvariantCulture : i_oCultureInfo;
m_sMessage = null;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// GetMessage
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public string GetMessage() { return GetMessage(m_oException, m_oCultureInfo); }
public string GetMessage(String i_sCulture) { return GetMessage(m_oException, i_sCulture); }
public string GetMessage(CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo) { return GetMessage(m_oException, i_oCultureInfo); }
public static string GetMessage(Exception i_oException) { return GetMessage(i_oException, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); }
public static string GetMessage(Exception i_oException, string i_sCulture)
{
CultureInfo oCultureInfo = null;
try
{ oCultureInfo = new CultureInfo(i_sCulture); }
catch
{ oCultureInfo = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture; }
return GetMessage(i_oException, oCultureInfo);
}
public static string GetMessage(Exception i_oException, CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
{
if (i_oException == null) return null;
if (i_oCultureInfo == null) i_oCultureInfo = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
if (ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages == null) return null;
if (!ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.ContainsKey(i_oCultureInfo))
return CreateMessage(i_oException, i_oCultureInfo);
Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages[i_oCultureInfo];
string sExceptionName = i_oException.GetType().FullName;
sExceptionName = MakeXMLCompliant(sExceptionName);
Win32Exception oWin32Exception = (Win32Exception)i_oException;
if (oWin32Exception != null)
sExceptionName += "_" + oWin32Exception.NativeErrorCode;
if (dictExceptionMessage.ContainsKey(sExceptionName))
return dictExceptionMessage[sExceptionName];
else
return CreateMessage(i_oException, i_oCultureInfo);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CreateMessages
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public static void CreateMessages(CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
{
Thread oTH = new Thread(new ThreadStart(CreateMessagesInThread));
if (i_oCultureInfo != null)
{
oTH.CurrentCulture = i_oCultureInfo;
oTH.CurrentUICulture = i_oCultureInfo;
}
oTH.Start();
while (oTH.IsAlive)
{ Thread.Sleep(10); }
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// LoadMessagesFromXML
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public static void LoadMessagesFromXML(string i_sPath, string i_sBaseFilename)
{
if (i_sBaseFilename == null) i_sBaseFilename = msc_sBaseFilename;
string[] asFiles = null;
try
{
asFiles = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(i_sPath, i_sBaseFilename + "_*.xml");
}
catch { return; }
ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.Clear();
for (int ixFile = 0; ixFile < asFiles.Length; ixFile++)
{
string sXmlPathFilename = asFiles[ixFile];
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
try
{
xmldoc.Load(sXmlPathFilename);
XmlNode xmlnodeRoot = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/" + msc_sXmlGroup_Root);
string sCulture = xmlnodeRoot.SelectSingleNode(msc_sXmlGroup_Info + "/" + msc_sXmlData_Culture).Value;
CultureInfo oCultureInfo = new CultureInfo(sCulture);
XmlNode xmlnodeMessages = xmlnodeRoot.SelectSingleNode(msc_sXmlGroup_Messages);
XmlNodeList xmlnodelistMessage = xmlnodeMessages.ChildNodes;
Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = new Dictionary<string, string>(xmlnodelistMessage.Count + 10);
for (int ixNode = 0; ixNode < xmlnodelistMessage.Count; ixNode++)
dictExceptionMessage.Add(xmlnodelistMessage[ixNode].Name, xmlnodelistMessage[ixNode].InnerText);
ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.Add(oCultureInfo, dictExceptionMessage);
}
catch
{ return; }
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// SaveMessagesToXML
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public static void SaveMessagesToXML(string i_sPath, string i_sBaseFilename)
{
if (i_sBaseFilename == null) i_sBaseFilename = msc_sBaseFilename;
foreach (KeyValuePair<CultureInfo, Dictionary<string, string>> kvpCultureExceptionMessages in ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages)
{
string sXmlPathFilename = i_sPath + i_sBaseFilename + "_" + kvpCultureExceptionMessages.Key.TwoLetterISOLanguageName + ".xml";
Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = kvpCultureExceptionMessages.Value;
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
XmlWriter xmlwriter = null;
XmlWriterSettings writerSettings = new XmlWriterSettings();
writerSettings.Indent = true;
try
{
XmlNode xmlnodeRoot = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlGroup_Root);
xmldoc.AppendChild(xmlnodeRoot);
XmlNode xmlnodeInfo = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlGroup_Info);
XmlNode xmlnodeMessages = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlGroup_Messages);
xmlnodeRoot.AppendChild(xmlnodeInfo);
xmlnodeRoot.AppendChild(xmlnodeMessages);
XmlNode xmlnodeCulture = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlData_Culture);
xmlnodeCulture.InnerText = kvpCultureExceptionMessages.Key.Name;
xmlnodeInfo.AppendChild(xmlnodeCulture);
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvpExceptionMessage in dictExceptionMessage)
{
XmlNode xmlnodeMsg = xmldoc.CreateElement(kvpExceptionMessage.Key);
xmlnodeMsg.InnerText = kvpExceptionMessage.Value;
xmlnodeMessages.AppendChild(xmlnodeMsg);
}
xmlwriter = XmlWriter.Create(sXmlPathFilename, writerSettings);
xmldoc.WriteTo(xmlwriter);
}
catch (Exception e)
{ return; }
finally
{ if (xmlwriter != null) xmlwriter.Close(); }
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CreateMessagesInThread
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static void CreateMessagesInThread()
{
Thread.CurrentThread.Name = "CException.CreateMessagesInThread";
Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = new Dictionary<string, string>(0x1000);
GetExceptionMessages(dictExceptionMessage);
GetExceptionMessagesWin32(dictExceptionMessage);
ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.Add(Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture, dictExceptionMessage);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// GetExceptionTypes
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static List<Type> GetExceptionTypes()
{
Assembly[] aoAssembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
List<Type> listoExceptionType = new List<Type>();
Type oExceptionType = typeof(Exception);
for (int ixAssm = 0; ixAssm < aoAssembly.Length; ixAssm++)
{
if (!aoAssembly[ixAssm].GlobalAssemblyCache) continue;
Type[] aoType = aoAssembly[ixAssm].GetTypes();
for (int ixType = 0; ixType < aoType.Length; ixType++)
{
if (aoType[ixType].IsSubclassOf(oExceptionType))
listoExceptionType.Add(aoType[ixType]);
}
}
return listoExceptionType;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// GetExceptionMessages
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static void GetExceptionMessages(Dictionary<string, string> i_dictExceptionMessage)
{
List<Type> listoExceptionType = GetExceptionTypes();
for (int ixException = 0; ixException < listoExceptionType.Count; ixException++)
{
Type oExceptionType = listoExceptionType[ixException];
string sExceptionName = MakeXMLCompliant(oExceptionType.FullName);
try
{
if (i_dictExceptionMessage.ContainsKey(sExceptionName))
continue;
Exception e = (Exception)(Activator.CreateInstance(oExceptionType));
i_dictExceptionMessage.Add(sExceptionName, e.Message);
}
catch (Exception)
{ i_dictExceptionMessage.Add(sExceptionName, null); }
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// GetExceptionMessagesWin32
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static void GetExceptionMessagesWin32(Dictionary<string, string> i_dictExceptionMessage)
{
string sTypeName = MakeXMLCompliant(typeof(Win32Exception).FullName) + "_";
for (int iError = 0; iError < 0x4000; iError++) // Win32 errors may range from 0 to 0xFFFF
{
Exception e = new Win32Exception(iError);
if (!e.Message.StartsWith("Unknown error (", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
i_dictExceptionMessage.Add(sTypeName + iError, e.Message);
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CreateMessage
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static string CreateMessage(Exception i_oException, CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
{
CException oEx = new CException(i_oException, i_oCultureInfo);
Thread oTH = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(CreateMessageInThread));
oTH.Start(oEx);
while (oTH.IsAlive)
{ Thread.Sleep(10); }
return oEx.m_sMessage;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CreateMessageInThread
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static void CreateMessageInThread(Object i_oData)
{
if (i_oData == null) return;
CException oEx = (CException)i_oData;
if (oEx.m_oException == null) return;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = oEx.m_oCultureInfo == null ? CultureInfo.InvariantCulture : oEx.m_oCultureInfo;
// create new exception in desired culture
Exception e = null;
Win32Exception oWin32Exception = (Win32Exception)(oEx.m_oException);
if (oWin32Exception != null)
e = new Win32Exception(oWin32Exception.NativeErrorCode);
else
{
try
{
e = (Exception)(Activator.CreateInstance(oEx.m_oException.GetType()));
}
catch { }
}
if (e != null)
oEx.m_sMessage = e.Message;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// MakeXMLCompliant
// from https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static string MakeXMLCompliant(string i_sName)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(i_sName))
return "_";
System.Text.StringBuilder oSB = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
for (int ixChar = 0; ixChar < (i_sName == null ? 0 : i_sName.Length); ixChar++)
{
char character = i_sName[ixChar];
if (IsXmlNodeNameCharacterValid(ixChar, character))
oSB.Append(character);
}
if (oSB.Length <= 0)
oSB.Append("_");
return oSB.ToString();
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsXmlNodeNameCharacterValid(int i_ixPos, char i_character)
{
if (i_character == ':') return true;
if (i_character == '_') return true;
if (i_character >= 'A' && i_character <= 'Z') return true;
if (i_character >= 'a' && i_character <= 'z') return true;
if (i_character >= 0x00C0 && i_character <= 0x00D6) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x00D8 && i_character <= 0x00F6) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x00F8 && i_character <= 0x02FF) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x0370 && i_character <= 0x037D) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x037F && i_character <= 0x1FFF) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x200C && i_character <= 0x200D) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x2070 && i_character <= 0x218F) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x2C00 && i_character <= 0x2FEF) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x3001 && i_character <= 0xD7FF) return true;
if (i_character >= 0xF900 && i_character <= 0xFDCF) return true;
if (i_character >= 0xFDF0 && i_character <= 0xFFFD) return true;
// if (i_character >= 0x10000 && i_character <= 0xEFFFF) return true;
if (i_ixPos > 0)
{
if (i_character == '-') return true;
if (i_character == '.') return true;
if (i_character >= '0' && i_character <= '9') return true;
if (i_character == 0xB7) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x0300 && i_character <= 0x036F) return true;
if (i_character >= 0x203F && i_character <= 0x2040) return true;
}
return false;
}
private static string msc_sBaseFilename = "exception_messages";
private static string msc_sXmlGroup_Root = "exception_messages";
private static string msc_sXmlGroup_Info = "info";
private static string msc_sXmlGroup_Messages = "messages";
private static string msc_sXmlData_Culture = "culture";
private Exception m_oException;
private CultureInfo m_oCultureInfo;
private string m_sMessage;
static Dictionary<CultureInfo, Dictionary<string, string>> ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages = new Dictionary<CultureInfo, Dictionary<string, string>>();
}
internal class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
CException.CreateMessages(null);
CException.SaveMessagesToXML(@"d:\temp\", "emsg");
CException.LoadMessagesFromXML(@"d:\temp\", "emsg");
}
}