El primer paso ... encuentre una fuente del sistema que le guste (use la función listfonts
para ver qué hay disponible) o instale una que coincida con el estilo de escritura a mano de xkcd . Encontré una fuente TrueType "Humor Sans" del usuario ch00f mencionado en esta publicación de blog , y la usaré para mis ejemplos posteriores.
Tal como lo veo, generalmente necesitará tres objetos gráficos modificados diferentes para hacer este tipo de gráficos: un objeto de ejes , un objeto de línea y un objeto de texto . Es posible que también desee un objeto de anotación para facilitar las cosas, pero lo dejé por ahora, ya que podría ser más difícil de implementar que los tres objetos anteriores.
Creé funciones de contenedor que crearon los tres objetos, anulando ciertas configuraciones de propiedad para hacerlos más parecidos a xkcd. Una limitación es que los nuevos gráficos que producen no se actualizarán en ciertos casos (como los cuadros delimitadores en objetos de texto al cambiar el tamaño de los ejes), pero eso podría explicarse con una implementación orientada a objetos más completa que implica heredar del controlador clase , usando eventos y escuchas , etc. Por ahora, aquí están mis implementaciones más simples:
xkcd_axes.m:
function hAxes = xkcd_axes(xkcdOptions, varargin)
hAxes = axes(varargin{:}, 'NextPlot', 'add', 'Visible', 'off', ...
'XLimMode', 'manual', 'YLimMode', 'manual');
axesUnits = get(hAxes, 'Units');
set(hAxes, 'Units', 'pixels');
axesPos = get(hAxes, 'Position');
set(hAxes, 'Units', axesUnits);
xPoints = round(axesPos(3)/10);
yPoints = round(axesPos(4)/10);
limits = [xlim(hAxes) ylim(hAxes)];
ranges = [abs(limits(2) - limits(1)) abs(limits(4) - limits(3))];
backColor = get(get(hAxes, 'Parent'), 'Color');
xColor = get(hAxes, 'XColor');
yColor = get(hAxes, 'YColor');
line('Parent', hAxes, 'Color', xColor, 'LineWidth', 3, ...
'Clipping', 'off', ...
'XData', linspace(limits(1), limits(2), xPoints), ...
'YData', limits(3) + rand(1, xPoints).*0.005.*ranges(2));
line('Parent', hAxes, 'Color', yColor, 'LineWidth', 3, ...
'Clipping', 'off', ...
'YData', linspace(limits(3), limits(4), yPoints), ...
'XData', limits(1) + rand(1, yPoints).*0.005.*ranges(1));
xTicks = get(hAxes, 'XTick');
if ~isempty(xTicks)
yOffset = limits(3) - 0.05.*ranges(2);
tickIndex = true(size(xTicks));
if ismember('left', xkcdOptions)
tickIndex(1) = false;
xkcd_arrow('left', [limits(1) + 0.02.*ranges(1) xTicks(1)], ...
yOffset, xColor);
end
if ismember('right', xkcdOptions)
tickIndex(end) = false;
xkcd_arrow('right', [xTicks(end) limits(2) - 0.02.*ranges(1)], ...
yOffset, xColor);
end
plot([1; 1]*xTicks(tickIndex), ...
0.5.*[-yOffset; yOffset]*ones(1, sum(tickIndex)), ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', xColor, 'LineWidth', 3, ...
'Clipping', 'off');
xLabels = cellstr(get(hAxes, 'XTickLabel'));
for iLabel = 1:numel(xLabels)
xkcd_text(xTicks(iLabel), yOffset, xLabels{iLabel}, ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'center', ...
'VerticalAlignment', 'middle', ...
'BackgroundColor', backColor);
end
end
yTicks = get(hAxes, 'YTick');
if ~isempty(yTicks)
xOffset = limits(1) - 0.05.*ranges(1);
tickIndex = true(size(yTicks));
if ismember('down', xkcdOptions)
tickIndex(1) = false;
xkcd_arrow('down', xOffset, ...
[limits(3) + 0.02.*ranges(2) yTicks(1)], yColor);
end
if ismember('up', xkcdOptions)
tickIndex(end) = false;
xkcd_arrow('up', xOffset, ...
[yTicks(end) limits(4) - 0.02.*ranges(2)], yColor);
end
plot(0.5.*[-xOffset; xOffset]*ones(1, sum(tickIndex)), ...
[1; 1]*yTicks(tickIndex), ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', yColor, 'LineWidth', 3, ...
'Clipping', 'off');
yLabels = cellstr(get(hAxes, 'YTickLabel'));
for iLabel = 1:numel(yLabels)
xkcd_text(xOffset, yTicks(iLabel), yLabels{iLabel}, ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'right', ...
'VerticalAlignment', 'middle', ...
'BackgroundColor', backColor);
end
end
function xkcd_arrow(arrowType, xArrow, yArrow, arrowColor)
if ismember(arrowType, {'left', 'right'})
xLine = linspace(xArrow(1), xArrow(2), 10);
yLine = yArrow + rand(1, 10).*0.003.*ranges(2);
arrowScale = 0.05.*ranges(1);
if strcmp(arrowType, 'left')
xArrow = xLine(1) + arrowScale.*[0 0.5 1 1 1 0.5];
yArrow = yLine(1) + arrowScale.*[0 0.125 0.25 0 -0.25 -0.125];
else
xArrow = xLine(end) - arrowScale.*[0 0.5 1 1 1 0.5];
yArrow = yLine(end) + arrowScale.*[0 -0.125 -0.25 0 0.25 0.125];
end
else
xLine = xArrow + rand(1, 10).*0.003.*ranges(1);
yLine = linspace(yArrow(1), yArrow(2), 10);
arrowScale = 0.05.*ranges(2);
if strcmp(arrowType, 'down')
xArrow = xLine(1) + arrowScale.*[0 0.125 0.25 0 -0.25 -0.125];
yArrow = yLine(1) + arrowScale.*[0 0.5 1 1 1 0.5];
else
xArrow = xLine(end) + arrowScale.*[0 -0.125 -0.25 0 0.25 0.125];
yArrow = yLine(end) - arrowScale.*[0 0.5 1 1 1 0.5];
end
end
line('Parent', hAxes, 'Color', arrowColor, 'LineWidth', 3, ...
'Clipping', 'off', 'XData', xLine, 'YData', yLine);
patch('Parent', hAxes, 'FaceColor', arrowColor, ...
'EdgeColor', arrowColor, 'LineWidth', 2, 'Clipping', 'off', ...
'XData', xArrow + [0 rand(1, 5).*0.002.*ranges(1)], ...
'YData', yArrow + [0 rand(1, 5).*0.002.*ranges(2)]);
end
end
xkcd_text.m:
function hText = xkcd_text(varargin)
hText = text(varargin{:});
set(hText, 'FontName', 'Humor Sans', 'FontSize', 13, ...
'FontWeight', 'normal');
backColor = get(hText, 'BackgroundColor');
edgeColor = get(hText, 'EdgeColor');
if ~strcmp(backColor, 'none') || ~strcmp(edgeColor, 'none')
hParent = get(hText, 'Parent');
extent = get(hText, 'Extent');
nLines = size(get(hText, 'String'), 1);
extent = extent + [-0.5 -0.5 1 1].*0.25.*extent(4)./nLines;
yPoints = 5*nLines;
xPoints = round(yPoints*extent(3)/extent(4));
noiseScale = 0.05*extent(4)/nLines;
set(hText, 'BackgroundColor', 'none', 'EdgeColor', 'none');
xBox = [linspace(extent(1), extent(1) + extent(3), xPoints) ...
extent(1) + extent(3) + noiseScale.*rand(1, yPoints) ...
linspace(extent(1) + extent(3), extent(1), xPoints) ...
extent(1) + noiseScale.*rand(1, yPoints)];
yBox = [extent(2) + noiseScale.*rand(1, xPoints) ...
linspace(extent(2), extent(2) + extent(4), yPoints) ...
extent(2) + extent(4) + noiseScale.*rand(1, xPoints) ...
linspace(extent(2) + extent(4), extent(2), yPoints)];
patch('Parent', hParent, 'FaceColor', backColor, ...
'EdgeColor', edgeColor, 'LineWidth', 2, 'Clipping', 'off', ...
'XData', xBox, 'YData', yBox);
hKids = get(hParent, 'Children');
set(hParent, 'Children', [hText; hKids(hKids ~= hText)]);
end
end
xkcd_line.m:
function hLine = xkcd_line(xData, yData, varargin)
yData = yData + 0.01.*max(range(xData), range(yData)).*rand(size(yData));
line(xData, yData, varargin{:}, 'Color', 'w', 'LineWidth', 8);
hLine = line(xData, yData, varargin{:}, 'LineWidth', 3);
end
Y aquí hay un script de muestra que los usa para recrear el cómic anterior. Recreaba las líneas usando ginput
para marcar puntos en la trama con el mouse, capturándolos y luego dibujándolos como quería:
xS = [0.0359 0.0709 0.1004 0.1225 0.1501 0.1759 0.2219 0.2477 0.2974 0.3269 0.3582 0.3895 0.4061 0.4337 0.4558 0.4797 0.5074 0.5276 0.5589 0.5810 0.6013 0.6179 0.6271 0.6344 0.6381 0.6418 0.6529 0.6713 0.6842 0.6934 0.7026 0.7118 0.7265 0.7376 0.7560 0.7726 0.7836 0.7965 0.8149 0.8370 0.8573 0.8867 0.9033 0.9346 0.9659 0.9843 0.9936];
yS = [0.2493 0.2520 0.2548 0.2548 0.2602 0.2629 0.2629 0.2657 0.2793 0.2657 0.2575 0.2575 0.2602 0.2629 0.2657 0.2766 0.2793 0.2875 0.3202 0.3856 0.4619 0.5490 0.6771 0.7670 0.7970 0.8270 0.8433 0.8433 0.8243 0.7180 0.6199 0.5272 0.4510 0.4128 0.3392 0.2711 0.2275 0.1757 0.1485 0.1131 0.1022 0.0858 0.0858 0.1022 0.1267 0.1567 0.1594];
xF = [0.0304 0.0488 0.0727 0.0967 0.1335 0.1630 0.2090 0.2348 0.2698 0.3011 0.3269 0.3545 0.3803 0.4153 0.4466 0.4724 0.4945 0.5110 0.5350 0.5516 0.5608 0.5700 0.5755 0.5810 0.5884 0.6013 0.6179 0.6363 0.6492 0.6584 0.6676 0.6731 0.6842 0.6860 0.6934 0.7007 0.7136 0.7265 0.7394 0.7560 0.7726 0.7818 0.8057 0.8444 0.8794 0.9107 0.9475 0.9751 0.9917];
yF = [0.0804 0.0940 0.0967 0.1049 0.1185 0.1458 0.1512 0.1540 0.1649 0.1812 0.1812 0.1703 0.1621 0.1594 0.1703 0.1975 0.2411 0.3065 0.3801 0.4782 0.5708 0.6526 0.7452 0.8106 0.8324 0.8488 0.8433 0.8270 0.7888 0.7343 0.6826 0.5981 0.5300 0.4782 0.3910 0.3420 0.2847 0.2248 0.1621 0.0995 0.0668 0.0395 0.0232 0.0177 0.0204 0.0232 0.0259 0.0204 0.0232];
xE = [0.0267 0.0488 0.0856 0.1409 0.1759 0.2164 0.2514 0.3011 0.3269 0.3637 0.3969 0.4245 0.4503 0.4890 0.5313 0.5608 0.5939 0.6344 0.6694 0.6934 0.7192 0.7394 0.7523 0.7689 0.7891 0.8131 0.8481 0.8757 0.9070 0.9346 0.9604 0.9807 0.9936];
yE = [0.0232 0.0232 0.0232 0.0259 0.0259 0.0259 0.0313 0.0259 0.0259 0.0259 0.0368 0.0395 0.0477 0.0586 0.0777 0.0886 0.1213 0.1730 0.2466 0.2902 0.3638 0.5082 0.6499 0.7916 0.8924 0.9414 0.9550 0.9387 0.9060 0.8760 0.8542 0.8379 0.8188];
hFigure = figure('Position', [300 300 700 450], 'Color', 'w');
hAxes = xkcd_axes({'left', 'right'}, 'XTick', [0.45 0.60 0.7 0.8], ...
'XTickLabel', {'YARD', 'STEPS', 'DOOR', 'INSIDE'}, ...
'YTick', []);
hSpeed = xkcd_line(xS, yS, 'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', [0.5 0.5 0.5]);
hFear = xkcd_line(xF, yF, 'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', [0 0.5 1]);
hEmb = xkcd_line(xE, yE, 'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'r');
hText = xkcd_text(0.27, 0.9, ...
{'WALKING BACK TO MY'; 'FRONT DOOR AT NIGHT:'}, ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'EdgeColor', 'k', ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');
hSpeedNote = xkcd_text(0.36, 0.35, {'FORWARD'; 'SPEED'}, ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'k', ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');
hSpeedLine = xkcd_line([0.4116 0.4282 0.4355 0.4411], ...
[0.3392 0.3256 0.3038 0.2820], ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'k');
hFearNote = xkcd_text(0.15, 0.45, {'FEAR'; 'THAT THERE''S'; ...
'SOMETHING'; 'BEIND ME'}, ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'k', ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');
hFearLine = xkcd_line([0.1906 0.1998 0.2127 0.2127 0.2201 0.2256], ...
[0.3501 0.3093 0.2629 0.2221 0.1975 0.1676], ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'k');
hEmbNote = xkcd_text(0.88, 0.45, {'EMBARRASSMENT'}, ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'k', ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');
hEmbLine = xkcd_line([0.8168 0.8094 0.7983 0.7781 0.7578], ...
[0.4864 0.5436 0.5872 0.6063 0.6226], ...
'Parent', hAxes, 'Color', 'k');
Y (trompetas) ¡ aquí está la trama resultante !: