Ejecutamos un "manual" VACUUM ANALYZE VERBOSE
en algunas de nuestras tablas más grandes después de hacer DELETE/INSERT
cambios importantes en ellas. Esto parece funcionar sin problemas, aunque a veces el VACUUM
trabajo de una tabla se ejecutará durante horas (consulte esta publicación para problemas y razonamientos similares).
Al investigar más, descubrí que tenemos tablas grandes con una gran cantidad de tuplas muertas incluso después de correr VACUUM
. Por ejemplo, estas son algunas de las estadísticas producidas a partir de la consulta en esta respuesta .
-[ RECORD 50 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_a
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:43
last_autovacuum | 2014-08-01 01:19
n_tup | 199,169,568
dead_tup | 111,048,906
av_threshold | 39,833,964
expect_av | *
-[ RECORD 51 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_b
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:48
last_autovacuum | 2014-08-30 12:40
n_tup | 216,596,624
dead_tup | 117,224,220
av_threshold | 43,319,375
expect_av | *
-[ RECORD 52 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_c
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:55
last_autovacuum | 2014-09-23 18:25
n_tup | 309,831,136
dead_tup | 125,047,233
av_threshold | 61,966,277
expect_av | *
El último campo indica que estas (y la mayoría de las tablas) alcanzarían el umbral para autovacuum. Sin embargo, después de haber corrido VACUUM ANALYZE VEBOSE
en cada una de esas tablas, ¿no debería el recuento de tuplas muertas ser 0 (o cercano a 0, no 125M de 300M)?
La documentación dice:
VACUUM reclama el almacenamiento ocupado por tuplas muertas.
¿Esto significa que nuestro VACUUM
no está funcionando?
ACTUALIZAR
Por solicitud en respuesta aquí hay algunos registros de los VERBOSE
trabajos:
INFO: vacuuming "public.example_1"
INFO: scanned index "idx_example_1_on_gp_id_and_dd_id" to remove 378386 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 1.83s/3.42u sec elapsed 23.01 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_1_on_q_id" to remove 378386 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 2.10s/3.91u sec elapsed 18.92 sec.
INFO: "example_1": removed 378386 row versions in 7085 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.09s/0.05u sec elapsed 0.19 sec.
INFO: index "idx_example_1_on_gp_id_and_dd_id" now contains 30347438 row versions in 291065 pages
DETAIL: 378386 index row versions were removed.
165587 index pages have been deleted, 164287 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_1_on_q_id" now contains 30347438 row versions in 333287 pages
DETAIL: 378386 index row versions were removed.
152773 index pages have been deleted, 152757 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "example_1": found 1773 removable, 401984 nonremovable row versions in 14438 out of 1493006 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 10567 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 4.26s/7.51u sec elapsed 46.10 sec.
INFO: vacuuming "pg_toast.pg_toast_17917"
INFO: index "pg_toast_17917_index" now contains 0 row versions in 1 pages
DETAIL: 0 index row versions were removed.
0 index pages have been deleted, 0 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "pg_toast_17917": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 0 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 0 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: analyzing "public.example_1"
INFO: "example_1": scanned 30000 of 1493006 pages, containing 611502 live rows and 0 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 40563141 estimated total rows
Esta tabla ahora muestra 0 tuplas muertas en las estadísticas. La mayoría de las tablas son tuplas muertas mucho más bajas esta mañana, por lo que nuestro VACUUM
autovacuum está funcionando.
Tenemos un puñado de tablas que no muestran nada y aún muestran tuplas muertas:
-[ RECORD 49 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_2
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 02:23
last_autovacuum | 2014-09-02 14:30
n_tup | 117,914,944
dead_tup | 34,507,388
av_threshold | 23,583,039
expect_av | *
Un par de veces he visto en los registros donde se comprobarán los índices una y otra vez. Esto parece corresponder a VACUUM
trabajos de larga duración . ¿Alguna idea de por qué? ¿Esto solo funciona alrededor del bloqueo de registros (no creo que haya ninguna escritura durante esta ejecución de trabajos).
INFO: vacuuming "public.example_2"
...
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" to remove 2795959 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 3.88s/16.54u sec elapsed 23.09 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_q_id" to remove 2795959 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 6.74s/21.13u sec elapsed 84.64 sec.
INFO: "example_2": removed 2795959 row versions in 48214 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.71s/0.32u sec elapsed 33.65 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" to remove 2591011 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 2.84s/16.11u sec elapsed 19.28 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_q_id" to remove 2591011 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 5.46s/22.70u sec elapsed 130.57 sec.
INFO: "example_2": removed 2591011 row versions in 45539 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.67s/0.38u sec elapsed 15.16 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" now contains 123807784 row versions in 1560915 pages
DETAIL: 108836958 index row versions were removed.
1100790 index pages have been deleted, 718471 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.25 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_2_on_q_id" now contains 123807784 row versions in 1886087 pages
DETAIL: 110336259 index row versions were removed.
1058063 index pages have been deleted, 266983 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.07 sec.
INFO: "example_2": found 124808 removable, 1355901 nonremovable row versions in 2086343 out of 6966379 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 7858495 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 595.49s/2130.13u sec elapsed 5656.34 sec.
INFO: vacuuming "pg_toast.pg_toast_18079"
INFO: index "pg_toast_18079_index" now contains 0 row versions in 1 pages
DETAIL: 0 index row versions were removed.
0 index pages have been deleted, 0 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "pg_toast_18079": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 0 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 0 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: analyzing "public.example_2"
INFO: "example_2": scanned 30000 of 6966379 pages, containing 528443 live rows and 522 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 152953760 estimated total rows
0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
indica que no tiene transacciones de larga duración que bloquearían la eliminación de tuplas muertas.