Definitivamente tiene que escribir esto a través del lenguaje de procedimiento almacenado MySQL
Aquí hay una función almacenada llamada GetParentIDByID
para recuperar un ParentID dado un ID para buscar
DELIMITER $$
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `junk`.`GetParentIDByID` $$
CREATE FUNCTION `junk`.`GetParentIDByID` (GivenID INT) RETURNS INT
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
DECLARE rv INT;
SELECT IFNULL(parent_id,-1) INTO rv FROM
(SELECT parent_id FROM pctable WHERE id = GivenID) A;
RETURN rv;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
Aquí hay una función almacenada llamada GetAncestry
para recuperar una lista de ParentID a partir de la primera generación hasta la jerarquía dada una ID para comenzar:
DELIMITER $$
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `junk`.`GetAncestry` $$
CREATE FUNCTION `junk`.`GetAncestry` (GivenID INT) RETURNS VARCHAR(1024)
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
DECLARE rv VARCHAR(1024);
DECLARE cm CHAR(1);
DECLARE ch INT;
SET rv = '';
SET cm = '';
SET ch = GivenID;
WHILE ch > 0 DO
SELECT IFNULL(parent_id,-1) INTO ch FROM
(SELECT parent_id FROM pctable WHERE id = ch) A;
IF ch > 0 THEN
SET rv = CONCAT(rv,cm,ch);
SET cm = ',';
END IF;
END WHILE;
RETURN rv;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
Aquí hay algo para generar datos de muestra:
USE junk
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS pctable;
CREATE TABLE pctable
(
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
parent_id INT,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) VALUES (0);
INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+1 FROM pctable;
INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+2 FROM pctable;
INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+3 FROM pctable;
INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+4 FROM pctable;
INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+5 FROM pctable;
SELECT * FROM pctable;
Esto es lo que genera:
mysql> USE junk
Database changed
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS pctable;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE pctable
-> (
-> id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> parent_id INT,
-> PRIMARY KEY (id)
-> ) ENGINE=MyISAM;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) VALUES (0);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+1 FROM pctable;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+2 FROM pctable;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+3 FROM pctable;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+4 FROM pctable;
Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> INSERT INTO pctable (parent_id) SELECT parent_id+5 FROM pctable;
Query OK, 16 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 16 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> SELECT * FROM pctable;
+----+-----------+
| id | parent_id |
+----+-----------+
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 6 | 4 |
| 7 | 5 |
| 8 | 6 |
| 9 | 4 |
| 10 | 5 |
| 11 | 6 |
| 12 | 7 |
| 13 | 7 |
| 14 | 8 |
| 15 | 9 |
| 16 | 10 |
| 17 | 5 |
| 18 | 6 |
| 19 | 7 |
| 20 | 8 |
| 21 | 8 |
| 22 | 9 |
| 23 | 10 |
| 24 | 11 |
| 25 | 9 |
| 26 | 10 |
| 27 | 11 |
| 28 | 12 |
| 29 | 12 |
| 30 | 13 |
| 31 | 14 |
| 32 | 15 |
+----+-----------+
32 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Esto es lo que generan las funciones para cada valor:
mysql> SELECT id,GetParentIDByID(id),GetAncestry(id) FROM pctable;
+----+---------------------+-----------------+
| id | GetParentIDByID(id) | GetAncestry(id) |
+----+---------------------+-----------------+
| 1 | 0 | |
| 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 2 | 2,1 |
| 4 | 3 | 3,2,1 |
| 5 | 3 | 3,2,1 |
| 6 | 4 | 4,3,2,1 |
| 7 | 5 | 5,3,2,1 |
| 8 | 6 | 6,4,3,2,1 |
| 9 | 4 | 4,3,2,1 |
| 10 | 5 | 5,3,2,1 |
| 11 | 6 | 6,4,3,2,1 |
| 12 | 7 | 7,5,3,2,1 |
| 13 | 7 | 7,5,3,2,1 |
| 14 | 8 | 8,6,4,3,2,1 |
| 15 | 9 | 9,4,3,2,1 |
| 16 | 10 | 10,5,3,2,1 |
| 17 | 5 | 5,3,2,1 |
| 18 | 6 | 6,4,3,2,1 |
| 19 | 7 | 7,5,3,2,1 |
| 20 | 8 | 8,6,4,3,2,1 |
| 21 | 8 | 8,6,4,3,2,1 |
| 22 | 9 | 9,4,3,2,1 |
| 23 | 10 | 10,5,3,2,1 |
| 24 | 11 | 11,6,4,3,2,1 |
| 25 | 9 | 9,4,3,2,1 |
| 26 | 10 | 10,5,3,2,1 |
| 27 | 11 | 11,6,4,3,2,1 |
| 28 | 12 | 12,7,5,3,2,1 |
| 29 | 12 | 12,7,5,3,2,1 |
| 30 | 13 | 13,7,5,3,2,1 |
| 31 | 14 | 14,8,6,4,3,2,1 |
| 32 | 15 | 15,9,4,3,2,1 |
+----+---------------------+-----------------+
32 rows in set (0.02 sec)
MORAL DE LA HISTORIA: La recuperación de datos recursivos debe estar programada en MySQL
ACTUALIZACIÓN 2011-10-24 17:17 EDT
Aquí está el reverso de GetAncestry. Lo llamo GetFamilyTree.
Aquí está el algoritmo:
- Coloque la ID dada en la cola
- Lazo
- Dequeue en front_id
- Recupere todos los identificadores en queue_children cuya parent_id = front_id
- Agregar queue_children a retval_list (rv)
- Enqueue queue_children
- Repita hasta que cola y queue_children estén simultáneamente vacíos
Creo que de mis clases de estructuras de datos y algoritmos en la universidad, esto se llama algo así como el recorrido del árbol de preorden / prefijo.
Aquí está el código:
DELIMITER $$
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `junk`.`GetFamilyTree` $$
CREATE FUNCTION `junk`.`GetFamilyTree` (GivenID INT) RETURNS varchar(1024) CHARSET latin1
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
DECLARE rv,q,queue,queue_children VARCHAR(1024);
DECLARE queue_length,front_id,pos INT;
SET rv = '';
SET queue = GivenID;
SET queue_length = 1;
WHILE queue_length > 0 DO
SET front_id = FORMAT(queue,0);
IF queue_length = 1 THEN
SET queue = '';
ELSE
SET pos = LOCATE(',',queue) + 1;
SET q = SUBSTR(queue,pos);
SET queue = q;
END IF;
SET queue_length = queue_length - 1;
SELECT IFNULL(qc,'') INTO queue_children
FROM (SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(id) qc
FROM pctable WHERE parent_id = front_id) A;
IF LENGTH(queue_children) = 0 THEN
IF LENGTH(queue) = 0 THEN
SET queue_length = 0;
END IF;
ELSE
IF LENGTH(rv) = 0 THEN
SET rv = queue_children;
ELSE
SET rv = CONCAT(rv,',',queue_children);
END IF;
IF LENGTH(queue) = 0 THEN
SET queue = queue_children;
ELSE
SET queue = CONCAT(queue,',',queue_children);
END IF;
SET queue_length = LENGTH(queue) - LENGTH(REPLACE(queue,',','')) + 1;
END IF;
END WHILE;
RETURN rv;
END $$
Esto es lo que produce cada fila
mysql> SELECT id,parent_id,GetParentIDByID(id),GetAncestry(id),GetFamilyTree(id) FROM pctable;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | parent_id | GetParentIDByID(id) | GetAncestry(id) | GetFamilyTree(id) |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1 | 0 | 0 | | 2,3,4,5,6,9,7,10,17,8,11,18,15,22,25,12,13,19,16,23,26,14,20,21,24,27,32,28,29,30,31 |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3,4,5,6,9,7,10,17,8,11,18,15,22,25,12,13,19,16,23,26,14,20,21,24,27,32,28,29,30,31 |
| 3 | 2 | 2 | 2,1 | 4,5,6,9,7,10,17,8,11,18,15,22,25,12,13,19,16,23,26,14,20,21,24,27,32,28,29,30,31 |
| 4 | 3 | 3 | 3,2,1 | 6,9,8,11,18,15,22,25,14,20,21,24,27,32,31 |
| 5 | 3 | 3 | 3,2,1 | 7,10,17,12,13,19,16,23,26,28,29,30 |
| 6 | 4 | 4 | 4,3,2,1 | 8,11,18,14,20,21,24,27,31 |
| 7 | 5 | 5 | 5,3,2,1 | 12,13,19,28,29,30 |
| 8 | 6 | 6 | 6,4,3,2,1 | 14,20,21,31 |
| 9 | 4 | 4 | 4,3,2,1 | 15,22,25,32 |
| 10 | 5 | 5 | 5,3,2,1 | 16,23,26 |
| 11 | 6 | 6 | 6,4,3,2,1 | 24,27 |
| 12 | 7 | 7 | 7,5,3,2,1 | 28,29 |
| 13 | 7 | 7 | 7,5,3,2,1 | 30 |
| 14 | 8 | 8 | 8,6,4,3,2,1 | 31 |
| 15 | 9 | 9 | 9,4,3,2,1 | 32 |
| 16 | 10 | 10 | 10,5,3,2,1 | |
| 17 | 5 | 5 | 5,3,2,1 | |
| 18 | 6 | 6 | 6,4,3,2,1 | |
| 19 | 7 | 7 | 7,5,3,2,1 | |
| 20 | 8 | 8 | 8,6,4,3,2,1 | |
| 21 | 8 | 8 | 8,6,4,3,2,1 | |
| 22 | 9 | 9 | 9,4,3,2,1 | |
| 23 | 10 | 10 | 10,5,3,2,1 | |
| 24 | 11 | 11 | 11,6,4,3,2,1 | |
| 25 | 9 | 9 | 9,4,3,2,1 | |
| 26 | 10 | 10 | 10,5,3,2,1 | |
| 27 | 11 | 11 | 11,6,4,3,2,1 | |
| 28 | 12 | 12 | 12,7,5,3,2,1 | |
| 29 | 12 | 12 | 12,7,5,3,2,1 | |
| 30 | 13 | 13 | 13,7,5,3,2,1 | |
| 31 | 14 | 14 | 14,8,6,4,3,2,1 | |
| 32 | 15 | 15 | 15,9,4,3,2,1 | |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
32 rows in set (0.04 sec)
Este algoritmo funciona de manera limpia siempre que no haya caminos cíclicos. Si existe alguna ruta cíclica, deberá agregar una columna 'visitada' a la tabla.
Una vez que agregue la columna visitada, aquí está el algoritmo que bloquea las relaciones cíclicas:
- Coloque la ID dada en la cola
- Marcar todos los visitados con 0
- Lazo
- Dequeue en front_id
- Recupere todos los identificadores en queue_children cuya parent_id = front_id y visitó = 0
- Marque todos los queue_children recién recuperados con visitado = 1
- Agregar queue_children a retval_list (rv)
- Enqueue queue_children
- Repita hasta que cola y queue_children estén simultáneamente vacíos
ACTUALIZACIÓN 2011-10-24 17:37 EDT
Creé una nueva tabla llamada observaciones y completé sus datos de muestra. Cambié los procedimientos almacenados para usar observaciones en lugar de ptable. Aquí está su salida:
mysql> CREATE TABLE observations LIKE pctable;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO observations VALUES (1,3), (2,5), (3,0), (4,10),(5,0),(6,1),(7,5),(8,10),(9,10),(10,3);
Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 10 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> SELECT * FROM observations;
+----+-----------+
| id | parent_id |
+----+-----------+
| 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 5 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 10 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 7 | 5 |
| 8 | 10 |
| 9 | 10 |
| 10 | 3 |
+----+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT id,parent_id,GetParentIDByID(id),GetAncestry(id),GetFamilyTree(id) FROM observations;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------+
| id | parent_id | GetParentIDByID(id) | GetAncestry(id) | GetFamilyTree(id) |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------+
| 1 | 3 | 3 | | 6 |
| 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | | 1,10,6,4,8,9 |
| 4 | 10 | 10 | 10,3 | |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | | 2,7 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
| 8 | 10 | 10 | 10,3 | |
| 9 | 10 | 10 | 10,3 | |
| 10 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4,8,9 |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------+
10 rows in set (0.01 sec)
ACTUALIZACIÓN 2011-10-24 18:22 EDT
Cambié el código para GetAncestry. Hubo WHILE ch > 1
que debería serWHILE ch > 0
mysql> SELECT id,parent_id,GetParentIDByID(id),GetAncestry(id),GetFamilyTree(id) FROM observations;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------+
| id | parent_id | GetParentIDByID(id) | GetAncestry(id) | GetFamilyTree(id) |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------+
| 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | | 1,10,6,4,8,9 |
| 4 | 10 | 10 | 10,3 | |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | | 2,7 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 | 1,3 | |
| 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
| 8 | 10 | 10 | 10,3 | |
| 9 | 10 | 10 | 10,3 | |
| 10 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4,8,9 |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------+
10 rows in set (0.01 sec)
Pruebalo ahora !!!