C, con espacio de color Lab y difuminado mejorado
¿Dije que había terminado? Mentí. Creo que el algoritmo en mi otra solución es el mejor que existe, pero Perl simplemente no es lo suficientemente rápido para las tareas de cálculo de números, por lo que reimplementé mi trabajo en C. Ahora ejecuta todas las imágenes en esta publicación, con una calidad superior que el original a unos 3 minutos por imagen, y una calidad ligeramente inferior (nivel del 0,5%) se ejecuta en 20-30 segundos por imagen. Básicamente todo el trabajo se realiza con ImageMagick, y el dithering se realiza mediante la interpolación de spline cúbico de ImageMagick, que proporciona un resultado mejor / menos modelado.
Código
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <wand/MagickWand.h>
#define ThrowWandException(wand) \
{ \
char \
*description; \
\
ExceptionType \
severity; \
\
description=MagickGetException(wand,&severity); \
(void) fprintf(stderr,"%s %s %lu %s\n",GetMagickModule(),description); \
description=(char *) MagickRelinquishMemory(description); \
abort(); \
exit(-1); \
}
int width, height; /* Target image size */
MagickWand *source_wand, *target_wand, *img_wand, *target_lab_wand, *img_lab_wand;
PixelPacket *source_pixels, *target_pixels, *img_pixels, *target_lab_pixels, *img_lab_pixels;
Image *img, *img_lab, *target, *target_lab;
CacheView *img_lab_view, *target_lab_view;
ExceptionInfo *e;
MagickWand *load_image(const char *filename) {
MagickWand *img = NewMagickWand();
if (!MagickReadImage(img, filename)) {
ThrowWandException(img);
}
return img;
}
PixelPacket *get_pixels(MagickWand *wand) {
PixelPacket *ret = GetAuthenticPixels(
GetImageFromMagickWand(wand), 0, 0,
MagickGetImageWidth(wand), MagickGetImageHeight(wand), e);
CatchException(e);
return ret;
}
void sync_pixels(MagickWand *wand) {
SyncAuthenticPixels(GetImageFromMagickWand(wand), e);
CatchException(e);
}
MagickWand *transfer_pixels() {
if (MagickGetImageWidth(source_wand) * MagickGetImageHeight(source_wand)
!= MagickGetImageWidth(target_wand) * MagickGetImageHeight(target_wand)) {
perror("size mismtch");
}
MagickWand *img_wand = CloneMagickWand(target_wand);
img_pixels = get_pixels(img_wand);
memcpy(img_pixels, source_pixels,
MagickGetImageWidth(img_wand) * MagickGetImageHeight(img_wand) * sizeof(PixelPacket));
sync_pixels(img_wand);
return img_wand;
}
MagickWand *image_to_lab(MagickWand *img) {
MagickWand *lab = CloneMagickWand(img);
TransformImageColorspace(GetImageFromMagickWand(lab), LabColorspace);
return lab;
}
int lab_distance(PixelPacket *a, PixelPacket *b) {
int l_diff = (GetPixelL(a) - GetPixelL(b)) / 256,
a_diff = (GetPixela(a) - GetPixela(b)) / 256,
b_diff = (GetPixelb(a) - GetPixelb(b)) / 256;
return (l_diff * l_diff + a_diff * a_diff + b_diff * b_diff);
}
int should_swap(int x1, int x2, int y1, int y2) {
int dist = lab_distance(&img_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1], &target_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1])
+ lab_distance(&img_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2], &target_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2]);
int swapped_dist = lab_distance(&img_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2], &target_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1])
+ lab_distance(&img_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1], &target_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2]);
return swapped_dist < dist;
}
void pixel_multiply_add(MagickPixelPacket *dest, PixelPacket *src, double mult) {
dest->red += (double)GetPixelRed(src) * mult;
dest->green += ((double)GetPixelGreen(src) - 32768) * mult;
dest->blue += ((double)GetPixelBlue(src) - 32768) * mult;
}
#define min(x,y) (((x) < (y)) ? (x) : (y))
#define max(x,y) (((x) > (y)) ? (x) : (y))
double mpp_distance(MagickPixelPacket *a, MagickPixelPacket *b) {
double l_diff = QuantumScale * (a->red - b->red),
a_diff = QuantumScale * (a->green - b->green),
b_diff = QuantumScale * (a->blue - b->blue);
return (l_diff * l_diff + a_diff * a_diff + b_diff * b_diff);
}
void do_swap(PixelPacket *pix, int x1, int x2, int y1, int y2) {
PixelPacket tmp = pix[width * y1 + x1];
pix[width * y1 + x1] = pix[width * y2 + x2];
pix[width * y2 + x2] = tmp;
}
int should_swap_dither(double detail, int x1, int x2, int y1, int y2) {
// const InterpolatePixelMethod method = Average9InterpolatePixel;
const InterpolatePixelMethod method = SplineInterpolatePixel;
MagickPixelPacket img1, img2, img1s, img2s, target1, target2;
GetMagickPixelPacket(img, &img1);
GetMagickPixelPacket(img, &img2);
GetMagickPixelPacket(img, &img1s);
GetMagickPixelPacket(img, &img2s);
GetMagickPixelPacket(target, &target1);
GetMagickPixelPacket(target, &target2);
InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(img, img_lab_view, method, x1, y1, &img1, e);
InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(img, img_lab_view, method, x2, y2, &img2, e);
InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(target, target_lab_view, method, x1, y1, &target1, e);
InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(target, target_lab_view, method, x2, y2, &target2, e);
do_swap(img_lab_pixels, x1, x2, y1, y2);
// sync_pixels(img_wand);
InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(img, img_lab_view, method, x1, y1, &img1s, e);
InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(img, img_lab_view, method, x2, y2, &img2s, e);
do_swap(img_lab_pixels, x1, x2, y1, y2);
// sync_pixels(img_wand);
pixel_multiply_add(&img1, &img_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1], detail);
pixel_multiply_add(&img2, &img_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2], detail);
pixel_multiply_add(&img1s, &img_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2], detail);
pixel_multiply_add(&img2s, &img_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1], detail);
pixel_multiply_add(&target1, &target_lab_pixels[width * y1 + x1], detail);
pixel_multiply_add(&target2, &target_lab_pixels[width * y2 + x2], detail);
double dist = mpp_distance(&img1, &target1)
+ mpp_distance(&img2, &target2);
double swapped_dist = mpp_distance(&img1s, &target1)
+ mpp_distance(&img2s, &target2);
return swapped_dist + 1.0e-4 < dist;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (argc != 7) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s source.png target.png dest nodither_pct dither_pct detail\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
char *source_filename = argv[1];
char *target_filename = argv[2];
char *dest = argv[3];
double nodither_pct = atof(argv[4]);
double dither_pct = atof(argv[5]);
double detail = atof(argv[6]) - 1;
const int SWAPS_PER_LOOP = 1000000;
int nodither_limit = ceil(SWAPS_PER_LOOP * nodither_pct / 100);
int dither_limit = ceil(SWAPS_PER_LOOP * dither_pct / 100);
int dither = 0, frame = 0;
char outfile[256], cmdline[1024];
sprintf(outfile, "out/%s.png", dest);
MagickWandGenesis();
e = AcquireExceptionInfo();
source_wand = load_image(source_filename);
source_pixels = get_pixels(source_wand);
target_wand = load_image(target_filename);
target_pixels = get_pixels(target_wand);
img_wand = transfer_pixels();
img_pixels = get_pixels(img_wand);
target_lab_wand = image_to_lab(target_wand);
target_lab_pixels = get_pixels(target_lab_wand);
img_lab_wand = image_to_lab(img_wand);
img_lab_pixels = get_pixels(img_lab_wand);
img = GetImageFromMagickWand(img_lab_wand);
target = GetImageFromMagickWand(target_lab_wand);
img_lab_view = AcquireAuthenticCacheView(img, e);
target_lab_view = AcquireAuthenticCacheView(target,e);
CatchException(e);
width = MagickGetImageWidth(img_wand);
height = MagickGetImageHeight(img_wand);
while (1) {
int swaps_made = 0;
for (int n = 0 ; n < SWAPS_PER_LOOP ; n++) {
int x1 = rand() % width,
x2 = rand() % width,
y1 = rand() % height,
y2 = rand() % height;
int swap = dither ?
should_swap_dither(detail, x1, x2, y1, y2)
: should_swap(x1, x2, y1, y2);
if (swap) {
do_swap(img_pixels, x1, x2, y1, y2);
do_swap(img_lab_pixels, x1, x2, y1, y2);
swaps_made ++;
}
}
sync_pixels(img_wand);
if (!MagickWriteImages(img_wand, outfile, MagickTrue)) {
ThrowWandException(img_wand);
}
img_pixels = get_pixels(img_wand);
sprintf(cmdline, "cp out/%s.png anim/%s/%05i.png", dest, dest, frame++);
system(cmdline);
if (!dither && swaps_made < nodither_limit) {
sprintf(cmdline, "cp out/%s.png out/%s-nodither.png", dest, dest);
system(cmdline);
dither = 1;
} else if (dither && swaps_made < dither_limit)
break;
}
return 0;
}
Compilar con
gcc -std=gnu99 -O3 -march=native -ffast-math \
-o transfer `pkg-config --cflags MagickWand` \
transfer.c `pkg-config --libs MagickWand` -lm
Resultados
Principalmente igual que la versión de Perl, solo un poco mejor, pero hay algunas excepciones. El tramado es menos notable en general. Scream -> Starry Night no tiene el efecto de "montaña llameante", y el Camaro se ve menos brillante con los píxeles grises. Creo que el código de espacio de color de la versión Perl tiene un error con píxeles de baja saturación.
Paleta gótica americana
Paleta Mona Lisa
Paleta de noche estrellada
Paleta de gritos
Paleta de esferas
Mustang (paleta Camaro)
Camaro (paleta Mustang)